Health officials warn holiday illness surge as flu cases soar and 'leisure sickness' explained

As Christmas approaches, health officials warn that winter illnesses are peaking just as many people take a break from work, creating a perfect storm for viral infections. Health authorities note that influenza activity has reached levels that correspond with high seasonal risk, and figures show hospitals were operating near capacity, with more than 3,100 beds occupied by flu patients on a daily basis last week. The sharp rise in cases comes as the public prepares for gatherings, travel and disrupted routines that can strain the immune system at a vulnerable time of year.

Experts say one of the most confounding aspects of festive illness is a phenomenon some doctors describe as “leisure sickness”—a spike in symptoms as soon as work stops. Dr Simon Feldhaus, a preventive medicine specialist at the Balance Clinic, told reporters that many people spend weeks or months in a state of chronic stress, suppressing early symptoms. When the nervous system down-regulates during a holiday break, the body may express what it has been holding back. In addition to stress, holidays typically bring travel, disrupted sleep, dietary changes, alcohol consumption and increased social contact—all of which can create conditions conducive to infection if immunity is already strained.

To reduce the risk of falling ill, experts say there are practical, science-backed steps people can take in the weeks leading up to Christmas. A key focus is boosting immune resilience, with a emphasis on gut health. Dr Feldhaus notes that roughly 70–80 percent of the immune system resides in the gut, so what you eat and how well the gut functions are critical for frontline defense. A robust gut barrier and healthy microbiome can help the body fend off exposures before they take hold. He recommends addressing micronutrient deficiencies and avoiding lifestyle stressors that blunt immune response.

In addition to diet and gut health, several supplements are commonly recommended to support immunity. Vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids and selenium are cited as potential aids in reducing infection risk. However, experts warn against long-term, daily zinc use, which can upset stomach and interfere with mineral absorption. A short, targeted zinc course at the first sign of illness may help suppress viral replication, but prolonged use is not advised.

Public health officials have also weighed in on masking as a precaution. While universal masking is not being mandated, experts say wearing a face covering can be prudent in specific settings. Virologist Professor Laurence Young of Warwick University advised that anyone with symptoms should consider a mask, given how infectious respiratory illnesses can be. He added that masking remains sensible in crowded spaces or when in contact with the elderly and immunocompromised, especially during peak holiday periods when venues such as shopping centers are crowded.

Vaccination remains a cornerstone of holiday protection. England’s annual flu vaccination programme began on October 1 and is free for those at higher risk, including people aged 65 and over, individuals in clinical risk groups under 65, care home residents and carers, pregnant women, children, frontline health and social care workers, and close contacts of immunosuppressed people. Others may opt to receive vaccination privately at pharmacies for around £20. Dr Baumgardt, a practising GP and senior lecturer at the University of Bristol, noted that vaccine supply remains available in many areas and urged eligible individuals to seek vaccination before the winter viral spread continues into the new year. He emphasized that staying primed against influenza is a practical, protective measure during the ongoing seasonal wave.

Beyond vaccines and supplements, researchers point to traditional remedies with emerging evidence. A recent review found that chicken soup made with vegetables and herbs can offer modest benefits for acute respiratory tract infections, including colds. The benefits are thought to stem from hydration, warmth and nutritional content, with possible anti-inflammatory effects that may support recovery.

The overarching message from health professionals is straightforward: prepare now to blunt the impact of a tough winter viral season. Prioritizing gut health, ensuring adequate micronutrients, being mindful of sleep and stress, and getting vaccinated where eligible can help reduce the likelihood of falling ill when downtime ends and gatherings begin. As the festive period arrives, officials urge the public to use practical protections—especially in crowded indoor spaces—and to seek medical advice if flu-like symptoms such as a high fever, extreme fatigue, and body aches appear. Health authorities stress that early action can mean the difference between a routine holiday and a disrupted one due to illness.