Toenails as health indicators: experts explain signs and fixes

Toenails can reveal more about a person’s health than many realize. In conversations with Britain’s top nail experts, changes in color, texture or growth are described as potential signals of hormonal shifts, thyroid function changes, circulation problems or even early signs of diabetes. The discussion comes as some people have paused routine pedicures or worn closed footwear after holidays, contributing to dry nails and cracks where shoes press and rub.

Rebecca Crawforth, founder of Navy Professional, notes that brittle or peeling nails can point to vitamin deficiencies or thyroid imbalances, while slow nail growth, bluish nail beds or cold hands can indicate circulation problems or, in rare cases, early signs of diabetes. She cautions that anything unusual should prompt a medical check, since yellowing can occur from long-wear of dark polishes without a base coat, and nails can lift from the bed (onycholysis) due to acetone overuse, allergies to gel products or harsh removal techniques. To help nails look healthier on aging hands, Crawforth advocates nourishing cuticles and skin, daily massaging of Hand & Cuticle Serum (£16.95) and gentle weekly exfoliation with L’Occitane One Minute Hand Scrub (£10).

Leighton Denny MBE, an award-winning brand founder, explains that vertical nail ridges—furrows running from tip to cuticle—are a common feature of aging, deepening as cell turnover slows and natural oil production declines. Ridges can become more noticeable during menopause when oestrogen drops, weakening nail keratin. Spoon-shaped nails, which curve upwards and inwards, are rare but, when observed, may point to iron deficiency and anaemia. Denny emphasizes that healthy nails are not defined by length but by overall health, suggesting products such as Nail Rebirth Intensive Nail Repair Capsules (£17.50 for 20 capsules) as part of a broader approach to nourishing nails.

Margaret Dabbs, a leading luxury beauty expert, highlights that changes in colour, shape, thickness or texture can signal underlying health conditions. Fungal nail infection is among the most common issues and can present as yellow, thick, crumbly nails with odor or debris, often seen in sweaty feet, diabetes or a weakened immune system. Dabbs notes progress with treatments prescribed by podiatrists, including antifungal options, and has launched a Nail Fungus Laser Device (£95) alongside the 3-In-1 Shoe Freshener (£55) and Foot Hygiene Cream (£22). Dark or black streaks may result from knocks, but persistent lines could indicate melanoma; blue or purple nails can reflect poor circulation, Raynaud’s disease or low oxygen levels, and pitting can signal psoriasis or eczema.

Claire Aggarwal, CEO of Bio Sculpture UK, cautions that dark lines on nails may suggest low Vitamin D, yet not every nail change signals something serious. White marks are often trauma-related from minor knocks, improper gel removal or over-filing. As nails age they can lose strength and shine, but appropriate treatments can make a difference. Bio Sculpture’s Lavender Base (£15.50) is promoted to help restore weak or damaged nails and encourages healthy growth, paired with a glossy pinky-nude such as Sheer Admiration (£15.50) for a natural, well-groomed finish.

Experts emphasize that not every nail change signals a health problem, but persistent signs warrant evaluation by a health professional. Regular nail care—gentle cleansing, moisture, and avoiding harsh removers—can support healthier nails and may help avert more serious issues from taking root. If concerns arise, consulting a clinician or dermatologist is advised to rule out conditions requiring treatment.