Researchers describe a third personality type: the 'otrovert'

A new personality type dubbed the 'otrovert' has entered mainstream discussion after psychiatrists described individuals who appear outgoing yet feel isolated in crowds. Dr. Rami Kaminski, a New York–based psychiatrist who has studied personality types for decades, described otroverts as 'soloists who cannot play in an orchestra.' They may be highly independent, comfortable in one-on-one connections, and yet struggle to foster a sense of belonging in larger social settings. While biology can influence where a person sits on the spectrum, experts say genetics and environment shape how these tendencies manifest in daily life.

Researchers say the concept builds on a three-type framework that includes introverts and extroverts. Debbie Keenan, a senior psychotherapist who spoke to The Telegraph, noted that genetics play a strong role in personality, with studies suggesting about 60 percent of traits are inherited. 'Self-awareness helps us manage difficult feelings, build positive relationships and improve confidence and resilience,' Keenan said. The idea of otroverts challenges simple labels, offering a nuanced view of how people behave in groups and in private.

Introverts are described as people who recharge by spending time alone and who prefer spaces that allow for reflection. They are not shy or lacking in confidence, but tend to guard their time as a valuable resource. Introverts often maintain a small circle of close friends and may seek roles that emphasize routine and solitude, such as journalism, writing or design. For introverts, stress can erode performance; Keenan noted they may have a smaller window of tolerance and may need to plan their movements, set boundaries and manage sensory input to function effectively.

Extroverts are described as the life of the party, drawing energy from social interaction. They often respond strongly to dopamine, which can contribute to optimism and drive. While extroverts can lead teams, lift group morale and handle high-stimulation environments, they may also act impulsively, engage in risky behavior or overlook the need for reflection. Keenan said extroverts should periodically step back to consider the needs of others and avoid overwhelming those around them.

Otroverts, by contrast, are described as a bundle of contradictions: they may appear popular and capable in one-to-one settings while feeling disconnected in a crowd. Kaminski described them as 'soloists who cannot play in an orchestra' who prefer to walk to their own beat and resist codependency, even as they navigate close relationships. They can be strong leaders who are comfortable sitting on the sidelines when others take the spotlight.

In relationships, otroverts tend to seek partnerships with others who respect boundaries and autonomy. Keenan explained that such arrangements can work well between other otroverts, with mutual respect and little codependency. She added that otroverts are often highly skilled at nurturing intimacy on their own terms when trust is established.

Some outlets have framed the concept as a quiz you can take to see where you sit on the spectrum. The Daily Mail article notes that readers can explore whether they are introverted, extroverted or an otrovert. Psychiatrists caution that labels are simplifications of complex personalities, but the framework can help individuals understand their behaviors and relationships. The debate highlights ongoing interest in how biology, environment and personal experiences shape how we interact with others and navigate social settings.